Is Bagels Ultra Processed?

Not Typically Ultra-Processed

Bagels range from Level 2 to Level 3 depending on production method. Authentic bagels are boiled in water (sometimes with malt syrup) then baked — a simple two-step process. Most commercial bagels skip the boiling step and use chemical additives to mimic the chewy texture.

Level:
Processing Level: 3 out of 4 - Highly Processed
Level 3
Highly Processed
Avg Score: 8.91,000 products analyzed

Key Findings

  • Authentic boiled-then-baked bagels are Level 2 with 5-6 ingredients
  • L-cysteine, a common dough relaxer in commercial bagels, is often derived from duck feathers or human hair
  • A real New York-style bagel should be dense and chewy — softness indicates more processing

We analyzed 1,000 products to answer this question

Why Is Bagels Level 3?

The boiling step is what defines a real bagel. Submerging the shaped dough in boiling water (often with malt barley syrup) for 30-60 seconds gelatinizes the starch on the surface, creating the characteristic dense, chewy crust that distinguishes a bagel from round bread. Most mass-produced bagels eliminate this labor-intensive step and instead use steam injection along with dough conditioners (DATEM, sodium stearoyl lactylate), enzyme-modified ingredients, and L-cysteine (an amino acid dough relaxer often derived from duck feathers or human hair) to approximate the texture. The result is softer and puffier than a true boiled bagel.

Bagels Processing Level Distribution

How 1,000 bagels products break down by processing level:

1%
Level 1
Minimally Processed
7 products
12%
Level 2
Processed
123 products
29%
Level 3
Highly Processed
288 products
58%
Level 4
Ultra-Processed
582 products

Average ingredient count: 23.0 · Average nutrition score: 6.3/10

Bagels Brand Comparison

Comparing the least to most processed bagels products in our database:

ProductBrandLevelScoreIngredients
Everything Bagel Seasoning, Everything BagelRouses Markets
Processing Level: 1 out of 4 - Minimally Processed
2.03
Mascarpone Delicious, Creamy, Spreadable Cheese for Bagels, Toast and Tiramisu, MascarponeBelgioioso
Processing Level: 1 out of 4 - Minimally Processed
2.02
Mascarpone Delicious, Creamy, Spreadable Cheese for Bagels, Toast and Tiramisu, MascarponeBelgioioso
Processing Level: 1 out of 4 - Minimally Processed
2.02
Everything Bagel Salt Free SeasoningBig Y
Processing Level: 1 out of 4 - Minimally Processed
2.03
Everything ""but"" the Bagel Seasoning Family Recipe SpicesBig Y
Processing Level: 1 out of 4 - Minimally Processed
2.03
Mascarpone Delicious, Creamy, Spreadable Cheese for Bagels, Toast and Tiramisu, MascarponeBelgioioso
Processing Level: 1 out of 4 - Minimally Processed
2.02
The Bagel SeasoningBerkot's Super Foods
Processing Level: 1 out of 4 - Minimally Processed
2.03
Mascarpone Delicious, Creamy, Spreadable Cheese for Bagels, Toast and Tiramisu, MascarponeBelgioioso
Processing Level: 1 out of 4 - Minimally Processed
2.02
Everything Bagel Seasoning, Everything BagelRouses Markets
Processing Level: 1 out of 4 - Minimally Processed
2.03
Mascarpone Delicious, Creamy, Spreadable Cheese for Bagels, Toast and Tiramisu, MascarponeBelgioioso
Processing Level: 1 out of 4 - Minimally Processed
2.02

How to Read Bagels Labels

  1. 1

    A real bagel needs only high-gluten flour, water, malt barley syrup, yeast, and salt

  2. 2

    L-cysteine (dough conditioner) in commercial bagels can be derived from duck feathers

  3. 3

    If the bagel is very soft and light, it was likely steamed, not boiled

  4. 4

    DATEM and sodium stearoyl lactylate indicate an industrial shortcut process

Frequently Asked Questions

Why are some bagels so much chewier than others?

Chewy bagels are boiled before baking — the traditional method. The boiling gelatinizes surface starch, creating a dense crust. Soft, fluffy bagels are typically steamed and use dough conditioners instead, which is a more processed approach.

Are whole wheat bagels less processed?

Not necessarily. Whole wheat bagels use whole wheat flour but often contain the same dough conditioners as white bagels. The flour type affects nutrition, but processing level depends on the full ingredient list.

What is L-cysteine in bagels?

L-cysteine is an amino acid used as a dough relaxer to make shaping easier in industrial production. It is commonly sourced from duck feathers or synthesized. It replaces the need for proper dough resting time in mass production.